The easiest and quickest way to detect those at risk of malnutrition is by the use of malnutrition screening tools, such as the ‘Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool’ (‘MUST’). This tool consists of three parts:
- Measuring Body Mass Index (BMI) – this is calculated from an individual’s weight and height. A BMI of less than 18.5kg/m2 suggests a significant risk of malnutrition.
- Considering any history of recent weight loss that has occurred without any intention to lose weight. The unintentional loss of more than 10% of normal body weight in the last 3 -6 months suggests a significant risk of malnutrition.
- Identifying an “acute disease effect” associated with being acutely ill and being unable to eat adequate amounts for more than five days.
‘MUST’ identifies patients as being at low, medium or high risk of malnutrition and guides the user to develop individualised care plans for management or further monitoring.
